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TRAINING  SCHOOL 

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UNIVERSITY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  NEW  YORK 


Regents  of  the  University,  with  years  when  terms  expire 

1917  St.  Clair  McKelway,  M.  A.,  LL.  D.,  D.  C.  L., 

L.  H.  D.,  Chancellor  Brooklyn 

1926  Pliney  T.  Sexton  LL.  B.,  LL.  D.,  Vice  Chancellor 

Palmyra 

1915  Albert  VanderVeer,  M.  D.,  M.  A , Ph.,  LL.  D. 

Albany 

1922  Chester  S.  Lord,  M.  A.  LL.  D.  New  York 

1918  William  Nottingham,  M.  A.,  Ph.  D.,  LL.  D. 

Syracuse 

1921  Frances  M.  Carpenter  Mount  Kisco 

1923  Abram  I.  Elkus,  LL.  B.,  D.  C.  L.  New  York 

1924  Adelbert  Moot  Buffalo 

1925  Charles  B.  Alexander,  M.  A.,  LL.  B.,  LL.  D., 

Lit.  D.  Tuxedo 

1919  John  Moore  Elmira 

1920  Andrew  J.  Shipman,  M.  A.,  LL.  B.,  LL.  D. 

New  York 

1916  Walter  Guest  Kellogg,  B.  A.  Ogdensburg 

President  of  the  University  and  Commissioner  of  Education 

John  H.  Finley,  M.  A.,  LL.  D„  L.  H.  D. 

Assistant  Commissioners 

Augustus  S.  Downing,  M.  A.,  L.  H.  D.,  LL.  D. 

For  Fligher  Education 


Charles  F.  Wheelock,  B.  S.,  LL.  D. 

For  Secondary  Education 
Thomas  E.  Finegan,  M.  A.,  Pd.  D.,  LL.  D. 

For  Elementary  Education 

Director  of  State  Library 

James  I.  Wyer,  Jr.,  M.  L.  S. 

Director  of  Science  and  State  Museum 

John  M.  Clarke,  Ph.  D.,  D.  Sc.,  LL.  D. 

Chiefs  and  Directors  of  Divisions 

Administration  George  M.  Wiley,  M.  A. 
Agricultural  and  Industrial  Education  Arthur  D. 
Dean,  D.  Sc.,  Director. 

Archives  and  History-  James  A.  Holden,  B.  A. 
Director. 

Attendance — James  D.  Sullivan. 

Educational  Extension  William  R.  Watson,  B.  S. 
Examinations — Harlan  H.  Horner,  B.  A. 
Inspections — Frank  H.  Wood,  M.  A. 

Law  Frank  B.  Gilbert,  B.  A. 

Library  School  Frank  K.  Walter,  M.  A.,  M.  L.  S. 
Public  Records—  Tomas  C.  Quinn. 

School  Libraries — Sherman  Williams,  Pd.  D. 
Statistics — Hirarr  C.  Case 

Visual  Instruction  —Alfred  W.  Abrams,  Ph.  B. 


APPROACH  TO  NORMAL  HALL 


Local  Board  of  Managers 


MR.  FREDERICK  O.  CLARKE,  President 
MR.  ROBERT  A.  DOWNEY,  Secretary-Treasurer 
HON.  MERRICK  STOWELL 
HON.  P.  W.  CULLINAN 
MR.  LAURENCE  CLANCY 
HON.  THOMAS  D.  LEWIS 
FRANCIS  E.  CULLEN.  ESQ. 


NORMAL  HALL 


Bust  of  Dr.  Sheldon  at  the  right 


School  Calendar 


Second  Semester,  1915-16,  Twenty  Weeks 


1916 

February  2,  Wednesday 
3,  Thursday 
12,  Saturday 
22,  Tuesday 
April  11,  Tuesday 
close 

“ 12,  Wednesday 

begin 

April  20,  Thurs.,  ( 12:30  m. 
May  1,  Monday  (9  a.  m.) 
“ 5,  Friday 
“ 30,  Tuesday 
June  19  -23  Week 
27,  Tuesday 


Registration  day 
Recitations  begin 
Lincoln’s  birthday 
Washington’s  birthday 
First  half-term  subjects 

Second  half-term  subjects 

Easter  vacation  begins 
Recitations  resumed 
Arbor  day 
Memorial  day 
Regents  examinations 
Commencement 


First  Semester,  1916-17,  nineteen  weeks 
1916 

Sept.  13,  Wednesday  Registration  day 

14,  Thursday  Recitations  begin 


Founder’s  day;  Dr.  Shel- 


Oct  4,  Wednesday 

don’s  birthday 

12,  Thursday 

Nov.  7,  Tuesday 
“ 17,  Friday 
close 

20,  Monday 
begin 

29,  Wed.  ( 12:30  m.) 
gins 

Dec.  4,  Monday  (9  a.  m.) 

21,  Thurs.  (12:30  m.) 

1917 

Jan.  3,  Wed.  (9  a.  m.) 

“ 22-26  Week 
“ 29,  Mon.  and  Tues. 


Columbus  day 
General  election  day 
First  half-term  subjects 

Second  half-term  subjects 

Thanksgiving  vacation  be- 

Recitations  resumed 
Christmas  vacation  begins 

Recitations  resumed 
Regents  examinations 
Closing  exercises 


Second  Semester,  1916-17,  twenty  weeks 


1917 

Jan.  31,  Wednesday 
Feb.  1,  Thursday 
12,  Monday 
“ 22,  Thursday 


Registration  day 
Recitations  begin 
Lincoln’s  birthday 
Washington’s  birthday 


THE  KINDERGARTEN 


‘Come  let  us  live  with  our  Children 


April  5,  Thurs.  ( 12:30  m. ) First  half-term  subjects 
close 

5,  Thurs.  ( 12:30  m. ) Easter  vacation  begins 
“ 17,  Tuesday  (9  a.  m.)  Recitations  resumed 
“ 17,  Tuesday  (9  a.  m.)  Second  half-term  subjects 
begin 

Fay  30,  Wednesday  Memorial  Day 

June  18-22,  Week  Regents  examinations 

26,  Tuesday  Commencement 


First  Semester,  1917 — 18,  nineteen  weeks 


1917 

Sept.  12,  Wednesday 
13,  Thursday 
Oct.  4,  Thursday 

don’s  birthday 
12,  Friday 
Nov.  6,  Tuesday 
16,  Friday 
close 

“ 19,  Monday 
begin 

“ 28,  Wed.  (12:30  m.) 
gins 


Registration  day 
Recitations  begin 
Founder’s  day,  Dr.  Shel- 

Columbus  day 
General  election  day 
First  half-term  subjects 

Second  half-term  subjects 

Thanksgiving  vacation  be- 


Recitations  resumed 
Christmas  vacation  begins 


Dec.  3,  Mon.  (9  a.  m.) 

“ 21,  Fri.  (12:30  m.) 

1918 

Jan.  2,  Wed.  (9  a.  m.)  Recitations  resumed 
“ 21-25,  Week  Regents  examinations 

“ 28-29,  Mon.  and  Tues.  Closing  exercises 


Second  Semester,  1917 — 18,  twenty  weeks 


1918 

Jan.  30,  Wednesday  Registration  day 

“ 31,  Thursday  Recitations  begin 

Feb.  12,  Tuesday  Lincoln’s  birthday 

“ 22,  Friday  Washington’s  birthday 

Mar.  28,  Thurs.  ( 12:30  m. ) First  half-term  subjects 
close 

“ 28,  Thurs.  (12:30  m.)  Easter  vacation  begins 
April  2,  Tues.  (9  a.m.)  Recitations  resumed 

“ 2,  Tues.  “ Second  half-term  subjects 

begin 

May  30,  Thursday 
June  17-21  week 
“ 25,  Thursday 


Memorial  day 
Regents  examinations 
Commencement 


HARVEST  PROCESSIONAL  AND  FEAST  IN  THE  KINDERGARTEN 


FACULTY 


James  G.  Riggs,  A.  M.,  Pd.  D.,  Principal,  Amherst 
College. 

Richard  K.  Piez,  Pd.  D.,  (New  York  University) 
Baltimore  Polytechnic  Institute — Pyschology, 
History  of  Education,  Form  and  Drawing  Meth- 
ods. 

William  A.  Maddox,  L.  I.,  A.  B.,  William  and 
Mary,  A.  M.,  Columbia  University — Superintend- 
ent of  Training  School,  General  Method. 

Joseph  C.  Park,  Oswego  Normal  School,  Special 
courses  in  Cornell  University  and  Syracuse  Uni- 
versity— Director  of  Manual  Arts,  Criticism, 
Drawing  and  Shop  Administration. 

Chester  Higbee  Tether,  Ph.  B.,  Hamline  Univer- 
sity, University  of  Chicago,  (3  years) — Methods 
in  Nature  and  Elementary  Science,  Physics,  and 
Criticism. 

Frank  P.  Wagg,  B.  A.  (Bates),  M.  A.  (Columbia 
University) — History  and  Principles  of  Educa- 
tion. 


Caroline  L.  G.  Scales,  Ph.  B.,  University  of  Chicago, 
Wellesley,  Radcliffe,  Oswego  Normal  School — 
Methods  in  Literature,  English  History,  English 
Composition,  and  English,  fourth  year. 

Lydia  Ellen  Phoenix,  A.  M.  (Oberlin  College)  M.  0. 
(Emerson  College  of  Oratory),  Domestic  Science 
(Teachers  College,  Columbia  University,)  Ele- 
mentary, Classical,  Kindergarten-Primary,  and 
Critic  Diplomas  (State  Normal  and  Training 
Schools,  Mansfield,  P.  A.,  and  Oswego,  N.  Y.) — 
Head  of  the  Department  of  Domestic  Science. 

Amelia  B.  Myers,  Western  College,  Oxford,  Ohio;  Na- 
tional School  of  Elocution  and  Oratory,  M.  E., 
Philadelphia;  Oswego  State  Normal  and  Training 
School  Geography  and  Criticism. 

Elizabeth  G.  Holmes,  B.  S.,  Teachers  College,  Chi- 
cago Kindergarten  Institute — First  Assistant  in 
Kindergarten. 

Ida  M.  Isdell,  B.  S.  (Teachers  College,  Albany  Nor- 
mal College) — Second  Assistant  in  Kindergarten. 


“Who  cares  for  Mr.  Zero?' 


Fresh  air  and  good  work  easily  combine 


Mary  L.  O’Geran,  Oswego  Normal  School — Sewing, 
Basketry,  Weaving,  Criticism. 

Carrie  V.  Sinnamon,  Oswego  Normal  School  Prin- 
cipal of  Grammar  Department  of  Training 
School,  Methods  in  Reading,  and  Methods  in 
Grammar,  Criticism. 

Katherine  A.  Hayes,  Oswego  Normal  School— As- 
sistant to  Principal,  Methods  in  Number,  and 
Arithmetic,  Criticism. 

Harriet  E.  Stevens,  Oswego  Normal  School — Princi- 
pal of  Primary  Department,  Methods  in  Primary 
Reading,  Criticism. 

Leslie  Savage,  A.  B.,  (Wells  College),  Oswego  Normal 
School— Logic,  Physiology,  Nature  Study. 

Laura  A.  Harden,  A.  B.  (Vassar  College),  Oswego 
Normal  School;  student  at  the  Biological  Labora- 
tory, Woods  Hall,  Mass.;  student  at  Dresden, 
Germany;  graduate  student  at  the  University  of 
Chicago,  1910  and  ’13,  T4,  T5;  American  History 
Methods,  Story  Methods,  Criticism. 

Jean  Kimber  (Massachusetts  Normal  Art  School) — 
Supervisor  of  Drawing  and  Writing. 


Charlotte  M.  Waterman,  Cornell  University, 
Oswego,  Normal  School  Supervisor  of  Music 
and  Music  Methods. 

Miss  M.  Julia  Detraz,  B.  A.,  University  of  Cincinnati. 
Teacher’s  diploma,  Teachers  College— Superin- 
tendent of  Language  and  Story,  Spelling  and 
Phonics. 

James  M.  Early,  Berea  College,  School  of  Agriculture, 
1903;  Berea  College  Vocational  School,  1907; 
Architect  and  Builder,  1907-1912;  Industrial  Arts 
Instructor,  1912;  City  Engineer,  North  Manches- 
ter, Ind.,  1912-1914;  Woodwork,  Art  Metal  Work, 
Molding. 

Lida  Scovil  Penfield,  A.  M.,  (Boston  University)— 
Librarian,  Reading  Methods,  Supervisor  of  Read- 
ing in  the  Grammar  Grades. 

Edwin  F.  Loomis,  course  in  industrial  education, 
Cornell  University — Instructor  of  Printing. 

Allen  W.  Poucher  (Cornell  University)  Private 
Secretary  to  the  Principal. 

Ida  M.  Isdell — Preceptress  at  The  Welland. 

Mrs.  Marion  Snody— Matron  at  The  Welland. 

Leroy  Snody — Steward  at  The  Welland. 


REST  AFTER  WORK 


That’s  the  way  we  build  our  health 


State 

Normal  and  Training  School 
Oswego,  New  York 

OC“X> 

Design 

The  design  of  the  normal  school  is  to  furnish  trained  teachers  for  the  elementary  schools  of  the  State. 
A special  professional  course  in  Manual  Arts  is  provided  to  meet  the  State  requirements  in  industrial 
education. 


Regulations  Governing  Normal  Schools 

New  York  State  Education  Department 


Admission 

General  Normal,  Kindergarten  and  Primary  Courses 

(1)  Age — Candidates  must  be  at  least  sixteen 
years  of  age. 

Scholarship — Candidates  must  present  a high 
school  diploma  or  its  equivalent  to  be  approved  by 
the  Commissioner  of  Education,  covering  the  course 
prescribed  for  entrance  to  Normal  Schools. 


The  minimum  requirements  for  such  a prepara- 
tory course,  as  required  by  Section  551  of  the  Edu- 
cation Law,  must  include  2880  recitation  periods,  of 
which  the  following  subjects  must  be  a part: 

ENGLISH.  The  course  in  English  must  be 
continuous  throughout  the  four  years,  and  must 
provide  adequate  instruction  in: 

Grammar 


HANDS  UP! 


494  periods* 


Composition 

Rhetoric  and  literature 
HISTORY.  The  course  in  history  must  include 
the  three  following  courses,  each  of  which  should  be 
continuous  throughout  the  year: 

Ancient  history 114  periods 

Histcry  cf  Great  Britain  and 

Ireland 114  periods 

American  history  with  the 
development  of  civic 

institutions 152  periods 

MATHEMATICS.  The  course  in  mathematics 
must  include: 

Algebra  (through  quadratics) . . 190  periods 

Plane  geometry 190  periods 

SCIENCE.  The  course  in  science  must  embrace 
biology  (including  human  physiology)  and  physics. 
The  laboratory  method  of  teaching  these  subjects  is 
prescribed. 

Biology  (or  physiology  with 


botany  or  zoology ) 190  periods 

Physics  190  periods 


The  term  “period”  as  used  in  this  course  means  a 
recitation  period  of  not  less  than  45  minutes. 


FOREIGN  LANGUAGES.  The  course  in  foreign 
languages  must  include: 

Latin 380  periods 

or 

French 380  periods 

or 

German 380  periods 

DRAWING.  The  course  in  drawing  must  pro- 
vide adequate  instruction  for 228  periods 

VOCAL  MUSIC.  The  course  in  vocal  music 
must  provide  adequate  instruction  in  sight  singing 
from  the  staff  and  the  use  of  common  technical  terms 

for  152  periods 

The  number  of  periods  required  in  each  subject 

is  based  on  a school  year  of  38  weeks  as  a minimum. 

Entering  on  Special  Consideration 

(2)  Candidates  twenty-one  years  of  age,  and 
who  have  had  two  years  of  high  school  work  or  its 
equivalent,  and  in  addition  thereto  have  taught  two 
years,  will  be  admitted  to  the  normal  school  with  the 
understanding  that  they  must  complete  the  high 
school  course  in  addition  to  the  professional  course 
before  they  shall  be  graduated. 


SPECIAL  DAY  IN  PRIMARY  PATRIOTIC  IN  SF1TE  OF  THE  WIND 


(3)  Graduates  of  training  classes  (or  training 
schools)  who  enter  the  class  upon  a high  school 
diploma  and  who  have  taught  one  year  since  gradu- 
ation from  the  training  class,  may  complete  the  pro- 
fesdonal  course  in  the  normal  school  in  one  year,  if 
they  possess  the  required  aptitude  for  training. 

(4)  Those  who  hold  first  grade  certificates  may 
be  graduated  in  one  and  one-half  years  provided;  (a) 
they  are  high  school  graduates;  (b)  they  have  studied 
the  subjects  of  the  approved  course;  (c)  they  possess 
the  necessary  aptitude  for  study  and  training. 

(5)  Those  holding  the  life  State  certificate  or 
those  v 10  have  completed  one  year’s  work  in  an 
approved  college  may  be  graduated  in  one  year. 

ADVANCED  STANDING.  Any  pupil  who  shall 
possess  at  entrance  a diploma  from  a college  or 
university  recognized  by  the  State  Education  Depart- 
ment, or  a State  Certificate,  may,  at  the  discretion  of 
the  faculty  of  a normal  school,  be  graduated  at  the 
end  of  one  year’s  attendance.  The  principal  will 
give  such  value  to  such  diplomas  or  certificates  as  he 
deems  proper.  He  may  at  any  time  require  a student 
who  is  notably  deficient  in  subject-matter  to  make  up 


such  deficiency  before  pursuing  further  his  normal 
course. 

TRANSFERS.  On  concurrence  of  the  principals 
interested,  students  may  be  transferred  from  one 
normal  school  to  another  by  the  Commissioner  of 
Education,  for  cause. 

PRIVILEGES.  Tuition  and  the  use  of  text- 
books are  free  to  students  in  the  professional  courses. 

NON-RESIDENTS.  Residents  of  other  states 
are  admitted  by  special  appointment  of  the  Commis- 
sioner of  Education,  but  are  required  to  pay  in 
advance  to  the  treasurer  of  the  local  board  a tuition 
fee  of  $20  a term  of  19  weeks. 

Method  of  Appointment 

The  applicant  should  write  to  the  normal  school 
or  to  the  Education  Department  for  an  appointment 
blank  at  least  three  weeks  before  the  opening  of 
school.  The  principal  of  the  high  school  should  cer- 
tify to  the  successful  completion  of  the  required  high 
school  course  and  the  district  or  city  superintendent 


FOUNDER  S DAY 


School  returning  from  hanging  a wreath  on  Dr.  Sheldon  s house  at  Shady  Shore 


must  vouch  for  the  applicant’s  character.  The  blank 
is  to  be  filled  out  in  duplicate  and  returned  to  the 
principal  of  the  normal  school. 

Before  receiving  an  appointment  the  candidate 
must  possess  the  evidence  of  proficiency  mentioned 
above  and  must  sign  the  following  declaration,  which 
is  a part  of  the  appointment  blank: 

“In  consideration  of  receiving  free  tuition  at  a 
normal  school,  I hereby  obligate  myself  to  teach  in 
the  schools  of  the  State  of  New  York.” 

Organization 

The  school  consists  of  two  departments,  as 
follows: 

(a)  The  Normal  department  for  the  training  of 
students  in  the  theory  of  teaching  and  in  the  science 
of  education. 

(b)  The  Training  School  consisting  of  a kinder- 
garten, a primary,  junior  and  a senior  department, 
where  students  are  trained  in  observation  and  in  the 
art  of  teaching. 


COURSES  OF  STUDY 
Normal  Department 


There  are  three  general  professional  courses  of 
study  prescribed  by  the  Commissioner  of  Education 
for  the  State  Normal  School.  Each  of  these  courses 
covers  a period  of  two  years.  These  courses  are: 

(1)  Elementary  Teachers  Course. 

(2)  Kindergarten-Primary  Course. 

(3)  Kindergarten  Course. 

Elementary  Teachers’  Course 

Periods 


Psychology 100 

Principles  and  History  of  education 100 

Methods  of  language,  grammar  and  composition  100 

Methods  of  literature  (optional) 100 

School  economy 40 

Methods  of  vocal  music  120 

Methods  of  arithmetic  and  algebra 120 

Methods  of  American  history 80 

Methods  of  drawing  and  elementary  handwork  160 

Logic 80 

Methods  of  Latin  (optional)  100 


RECITATION  ROOM.  LITERATURE  AND  HISTORY. 


Where  there  is  no  vision  the  people  perish  — Bihle 


Methods  of  geography  100 

Methods  of  primary  reading,  spelling  and  phonics  100 
Methods  of  nature  study  and  methods  of  ele- 
mentary science 100 

Methods  of  manual  training  or  household  arts  160 

Penmanship 40 

Methods  of  physical  training 120 

Obst  rvation  and  practice  600 

Kindergarten-Primary  Course 

Periods 

Psychology 100 

Principles  and  history  of  education 100 

Methods  of  vocal  music 60 

Methods  of  arithmetic 80 

Methods  of  United  States  history 40 

Methods  of  drawing  and  handwork 160 

Logic 80 

Methods  of  geography 100 

Methods  of  reading,  spelling,  phonics,  language  100 
Methods  of  nature  study  and  elementary  science  100 

Methods  of  penmanship 40 

Methods  of  physical  training 120 

English  voice  training,  children’s  literature,  story- 
telling   100 


Songs  and  games ICO 

Mother  play,  gifts,  occupations 160 

Program  of  kindergarten  procedure 40 

Observation  and  practice 580 

Kindergarten  Course 

Periods 

Logic 80 

English  reading,  spelling,  phonics  and  voice 

training \ . . . 80 

Elementary  science  and  nature  study 200 

Drawing 140 

Penmanship 40 

Physical  training 120 

Music 40 

Psychology  100 

History  of  education 100 

English  voice  training,  children’s  literature, 

story-telling 120 

Songs  and  games 120 

Mother  play,  gifts  and  occupations 180 

Principles  of  education  with  special  reference 

to  kindergarten 60 

Program — kindergarten  procedure 60 

Observation  and  practice 560 


FROM  THE  LEGEND  OF  THE  HOLY  GRAIL 


Queen  Blanchefleur  and  her  court.  Public  literary  exercises 


Diploma 

The  Elementary  Teachers  Course  prepares  teach- 
ers for  the  grades  of  the  elementary  schools  of  the 
State.  The  diploma  issued  to  a graduate  of  this 
course  is  a life  license  to  teach  in  any  public  school 
of  the  State. 

The  Kindergarten-Primary  Course  prepares 
teachers  for  the  kindergarten  and  the  first  six  years 
of  the  elementary  schools.  Graduates  of  this  course 
receive  a diploma  which  is  a license  to  teach  for  life 
in  any  kindergarten  in  the  State  or  in  the  first  six 
grades  in  any  public  school  in  the  State. 

The  Kindergarten  Course  prepares  teachers  for 
the  kindergarten  and  a graduate  of  such  a course 
receives  a diploma  which  is  a license  to  teach  for  life 
in  any  kindergarten  in  the  State. 

Training  School 

The  ability  to  teach  is  one  of  the  most  essential 
requisites  of  Normal  School  graduates.  Ability  to 
deal  with  modern  theory  mutt  be  refined  by  practice. 
To  this  end  a Training  School,  which  consists  of  a 
kindergarten  and  eight  elementary  grades  enrolling 
more  than  four  hundred  children  is  provided.  The 


school  occupies  the  east  wing  of  the  new  building 
and  is  in  charge  of  a superintendent,  two  department 
principals  and  fifteen  experienced  critic  teachers  and 
supervisors.  That  theory  may  function  directly  on 
practice,  these  officers  and  teachers  teach  all  the 
general  and  special  methods  given  in  the  Normal 
department.  As  the  Practice  School  is  an  integral 
part  of  the  city  system  the  practice  teacher  is  con- 
fronted at  all  times  with  the  conditions  and  many  of 
the  problems  which  he  will  meet  in  service. 

Each  student-teacher  is  given  a full  grade  over 
which  he  has  entire  control  in  method  and  manage- 
ment for  a period  of  twenty  weeks.  Five  hundred 
sixty  (560)  to  six  hundred  (690)  hours  according  to 
course  elected  must  be  spent  in  observation  and 
practice.  Every  effort  is  made  to  prcmote  the  pro- 
fessional growth  of  the  student,  and,  that  he  may  be 
guided  in  the  formation  of  right  teaching  habits  his 
work  and  plans  are  carefully  supervised.  He  is, 
however,  left  free  to  execute  details  and  meet  new 
classroom  situations  in  his  own  way.  Besides  freq- 
uent individual  conferences,  all  supervising  officers 
hold  weekly  group  conferences  where  general  criti- 
cisms, directions,  and  suggestions  are  given  and 
discussed. 


DR.  PIEZ’S  DRAWING  ROOM 


No  day  without  a line 


No  student,  however  proficient  in  academic 
subject-matter  or  theory  required  in  the  Normal 
D partment,  will  be  considered  eligible  to  practice 
until  he  has  satisfied  the  faculty  that  he  will  be  a 
proper  influence  upon  young  children.  Moreover,  no 
practice  teacher  will  be  graduated  until  he  has  shown 
that  he  is  well  qualified  to  teach. 

Nature  Study 

The  course  in  Nature  Study  includes  a consider- 
ation of  the  aims  of  Nature  Study,  methods  of  present- 
ing and  outlining  subject  matter  suited  to  the  work  of 
the  various  grades,  the  selection  of  materials  for  les- 
sons and  the  preparation  of  lesson  plans  for  teaching 
the  topics  selected. 

The  work  of  the  fall  term  is  devoted  to  a study 
of  autumn  flowers,  the  weeds  of  field  and  garden, 
seed  dispersal,  production  and  storage  of  the  products 
of  orchard  and  garden,  bulb  potting  and  planting 
trees  in  their  fall  and  winter  condition  and  the  prepar- 
ation of  Nature  for  the  coming  winter. 

A study  of  Winter  birds  and  methods  of  attract- 
ing the  same,  seed  germination  and  seedlings,  a de- 
tailed study  of  the  soil  in  relation  to  the  needs  of  the 


plant,  together  with  sr  e of  the  topics  that  bear  upcn 
the  heating,  lighting  and  ventilation  of  our  homes,  are 
to  be  found  among  the  subjects  for  study  during  the 
Winter  months. 

The  work  of  the  spring  term  is  a continuation 
of  the  work  begun  in  the  fall.  Bird,  tree  and  wild 
flower  study,  our  insect  friends  and  foes,  preparation 
of  the  soil  and  care  of  plants  are  some  of  the  topics 
given  consideration. 

A detailed  study  of  the  different  phases  of  gar- 
den work  as  it  has  to  do  with  the  work  of  the  school 
together  with  actual  work  in  the  school  garden  now 
being  provided  is  designed  to  equip  the  pupil  to  intel- 
ligently direct  the  same  work  with  children  in  the 
grades  of  the  e ementary  school. 

The  Aim  throughout  the  course  is  to  create  a love 
for  nature,  and  bring  the  student  into  closer  relations 
with  his  environment. 

Domestic  Science 

1.  PURPOSE.  The  work  in  domestic  science 
in  this  school  is  not  for  the  preparation  of  special 
teachers  of  the  subject  and  yet  it  is  adapted  to  the 
needs  of  every  teacher.  It  has  as  its  central  idea  the 


BASKET  BALL  TEAM 


home,  its  aim  being  the  development  of  skill  and 
efficiency  through  the  establishment  of  right  iaeais 
as  founded  upon  a vital  knowledge  of  principles. 

2.  NATURE  OF  THE  WORK.  A general  sur- 
vey course  limited  to  twenty  weeks,  but  including  as 
iar  as  time  and  conditions  permit: 

(a)  Cookery  of  various  kinds  as,  elementary, 
experimental,  demonstration,  invalid,  economic,  insti- 
tutional, lunchroom,  paperbag,  tireless,  camp  and 
home;  also  catering,  menu-making  anu  table  service- 

(b ) Study  or  rood  materials,  human  nutrition 
end  It, icily  income. 

(c)  Household  equipment  and  administration, 
including  ho  _ise-wif ery,  laundering,  and  marketing. 

(d)  Sanitation  and  household  chemistry. 

(e)  Home  nursing  and  personal  hygiene. 

3.  METHOD.  Combination  of  observation, 
demonstration,  lecture,  reading,  discussion,  experi- 
ment, and  practice. 

4.  ADDITIONAL  AND  ADVANCED  CRED- 
ITS AND  OPPORTUNITIES.  Credit  for  home 
work,  and  opportunities  lor  field  work  to  those  inter- 
estea  in  socal  betterment.  Arrangements  are  also 


under  consideration  for  the  organization  of  a club  of 
girls  to  board  themselves  under  direction  and  thus 
obtain  additional  credit  for  their  work. 

6.  LABORATORY  FEE.  $2.50  to  cover  partial 
cost  of  materials. 

7.  SUPPLEMENTARY  AIDS,  (a)  Home  Sym- 
phony Club  with  a membership  of  over  five  hundred 
persons  interested  in  the  vital  issues  of  the  day  as: 
Child  Labor,  Tire  Playground  Movement,  School  Feed- 
ing, School  and  N eighborhood  F estivals,  etc.  (d ) Mod- 
ern Equipment  Panor  for  Homemakers  in  which  are 
exhi  j.ieu  modern  and  approved  helps  for  the  home, 
p mlic  demonstrations  often  being  given  by  repre- 
sentatives of  approved  articles,  (c)  Model  Apartment, 
tentative  plans  being  under  consideration  for  the 
establishment  of  a private  model  apartment  of  four 
rooms  with  modern  conveniences  and  an  out-door 
sleeping  porch,  where  special  instruction  would  be 
given  in  all  the  various  lines  of  household  work 
including  “health  nursing”  and  “first  aid;”  also  demon- 
strations in  cookery  to  supplement  the  educational 
field-work  done  in  private  homes  by  the  students, 
and  first-hand  instruction  in  the  care  of  persons  with 
tubercular  tendencies. 


Public  Literary  Exercises,  Athenean  Society.  The  Problem  of  “The  Other  Half" 
Scene — “Father  Vincent,  why  didn’t  ye  tell  me  Jimmy  Kegan  was  dead?" 


Manual  Arts  Course  for  Teachers 

AIM.  To  provide  normal  training  for  teachers  in 
industrial  Arts  the  Oswego  State  Normal  and  Training 
School  offers  a special  course  which  includes  peda- 
gogical training,  extended  experience  in  laboratories, 
shops  and  draughting  rooms  and  twenty  weeks  of 
practice  teaching  under  close  supervision.  The 
course  is  designed  to  train  teachers  to  meet  the  re- 
quirements of  the  State  Education  Department  in  in- 
dustrial education. 

REQUIREMENTS  FOR  ENTRANCE.  1.  Grad- 
uation from  an  approved  high  school  course,  and  at 
least  sixteen  years  of  age.  2.  Candidates  who  are 
not  graduates  of  an  approved  high  school  but  who 
are  of  mature  age  and  have  had  much  successful  ex- 
perience in  trades  or  occupations  may  be  admitted  to 
this  course  on  approval  of  the  Commissioner  of  Ed- 
ucation. 

TIME  REQUIRED.  The  course  as  outlined  cov- 
ers a period  of  two  years.  Students  may  enter  at 
the  opening  of  the  fall  term  in  September,  and  at  the 
opening  of  the  spring  term  in  February  if  able  to 
enter  classes  already  formed. 


COURSE  OF  STUDY.  The  following  Course  in 
Industrial  Arts  for  Teachers  was  approved  by  the  New 
York  State  Education  Department  on  May  2,  1911, 


and  went  in  effect  in  September,  1911: 

Psychology 100  hours 

History  and  principles  of  education . . 100  hours 

English 50  hours 

Methods  in  science 100  hours 

Shop  Administration: — 


History  and  theory  of  industrial  educa- 
tion, a study  of  equipments,  organization 
of  work,  study  of  materials  and  local  in- 
dustries, shop  inspection  trips 200  hours 

Drawing: — 

Design,  representation,  and  mechanical 


400  hours 

Shop  Work 

Joinery 100  hours 

Cabinet-making 150  hours 

Wood-turning  and  pattern-making  150  hours 

Art  metal  work 100  hours 

Machine  shop  practice 200  hours 

Printing  and  bookbinding 200  hours 

Molding  100  hours 

Forge  work 100  hours 

Teaching 400  hours 

Total 2450  hours 


NATURE  STUDY  FIELD  LESSON 


The  Douglas  Spruce 


DIPLOMA.  On  completion  of  the  above  course, 
students  are  granted  a State  diploma  which  carries 
with  it  permission  to  teach  Manual  Arts  in  the  public 
schools  of  New  York  State. 


TUITION.  Tuition  and  text-books  are  free  to 
students  living  in  New  York  State.  Non-resident 
students  pay  a tuition  fee  of  $20  a term  of  19  weeks. 
In  the  shop  courses  charges  are  made  for  breakage 
and  for  materials  for  personal  use. 


CRITIC  COURSE 

Special  Course  for  Preparation  of  Supervisors,  Critics 
and  Teachers  of  Methods 


The  demand  for  teachers  to  do  supervisory  work 
in  normal  and  training  schools,  as  well  as  in  the  com- 
mon schools,  and  the  constant  requests  from  exper- 
ienced teachers  for  admission  to  our  school  as  special 
post-graduate  students,  have  induced  us  to  continue 
this  special  course. 

The  course  extends  over  two  terms  and  is  intend- 
ed to  give  a theoretical  and  practical  mastery  of  the 
principles  of  education  as  applied  to  a criterion  for 
judging  and  guiding  the  work  of  beginning  teachers. 

In  order  to  meet  the  needs  of  individual  teachers, 


a special  programme  is  prepared  for  each  applicant  by 
the  Superintendent  of  Practice.  In  general,  however, 
each  student  must  acquaint  himself  with  modern  ed- 
ucational thought,  and  must  show  power  to  evaluate 
theory  and  ability  to  improve  the  work  of  teachers  in 
service  through  its  application  to  class-room  procedure. 
Each  candidate  for  diploma  must  present  a paper 
setting  forth  the  results  of  an  independent  investi- 
gation or  experimentation  in  some  practical  field  of 
kindergarten,  elementary  or  secondary  education. 


STUDENTS  OF  TRAINING  SCHOOL 


Making  tables  for  mother 


General  Information 


Location 

Oswego  is  situated  on  the  shore  of  Lake  Ontario 
at  the  mouth  of  the  Os  wego  river  in  a country  famous 
in  Indian  and  colonial  history  as  described  in 
Cooper’s  “The  Pathfinler.”  It  is  a city  of  24,000 
inhabitants,  a center  for  the  manufacture  of  starch, 
boilers,  and  matches.  It  is  the  terminus  of  two  rail- 
roads, the  D.  L.  & W.  and  the  N.  Y.  Ontario  & West- 
ern, and  is  on  the  Phoe  fix  line  of  the  N.  Y.  Central. 

Syracuse  is  35  miles  distant  and  is  connected  by 
frequent  trolley  service.  The  water  supply,  regarded 
as  among  the  best  in  the  country,  is  taken  from  the 
lake  at  a distance  of  8,800  feet  from  the  shore.  By 
reason  of  its  depth,  the  lake  does  not  freeze  over  and 
the  climate  is  greatly  modified  thereby.  The  ther- 
mometer does  not  fall  so  low  in  winter  by  fifteen 
degrees  nor  rise  so  high  in  summer  by  as  many 
degrees,  as  in  the  more  inland  to  wns.  The  health 
record  of  the  city  is  an  excellent  one.  The  State  is 
about  to  spend  a large  sum  for  the  barge  canal  ter- 


minal anticipating  an  increase  of  trade  through  the 
enlarged  Welland  Canal.  A new  hotel,  The  Pontiac, 
has  rece  ltly  been  opened,  a commodious  and  home- 
like stopping  place.  The  lake  city  is  located  on  the 
border  of  a fine  fruit  belt.  The  school  is  one  of  the 
landmarks  of  this  part  of  the  country. 

The  Welland 

It  is  specially  recommended  by  the  faculty  that  all 
lady  students,  not  residing  in  Oswego,  board  and  room 
at  “The  Welland.”  The  house  is  pleasantly  located 
in  the  central  part  of  the  city,  is  heated  by  steam, 
lighted  by  electricity,  and  every  effort  is  made  to 
maintain  the  building  in  a perfectly  sanitary  condition. 
The  rooms  are  large  and  well  lighted  and  the  table 
is  abundantly  provided  with  wholesome,  nourishing 
food,  invariably  selected  from  the  best  supplied  by  the 
markets.  Without  sacrificing  the  excellence  of  ma- 
terials used  for  the  table,  every  effort  is  made  to  lessen 
the  cost  of  living  to  the  student.  The  rooms  are 
furnished  with  all  necessary  articles  of  furniture. 


DOMESTIC  SCIENCE  LABORATORIES 


What  shall  we  cook  for  you? 


Dictionaries,  gazetteers,  the  daily  papers,  period- 
icals, encyclopedias  and  the  best  magazines  of  the  day 
are  found  in  the  reading  room. 

Here  the  young  ladies  will  be  under  the  imme- 
diate care  of  a member  of  the  faculty  who  boards  in 
the  building  and  who  will  always  have  their  inter- 
ests at  heart.  Mothers  may  be  assured  that  here,  in 
case  of  sickness,  their  daughters  will  receive  most 
competent  care  and  attention.  Arrangements  are 
made  for  the  entertainment  and  social  intercourse  of 
students  under  usages  to  which  people  of  culture  are 
accustomed. 

Here  are  formed,  in  student  days,  the  loving  ties 
that  make  for  development  of  character  and  for  life- 
long friendships. 

Parents  may  rest  easy  in  the  knowledge  that 
their  daughters  will  receive  the  attention  and  care  of 
those  interested  in  their  welfare  as  to  social  life, 
recreation,  entertainment,  health,  and  comfort. 

The  terms  for  room  and  board  are  as  follows: 

1.  There  will  be  a charge  of  sixty-five  to  eighty 
cents  per  week  for  rent  of  room,  thirty  cents  for  fuel, 
ten  cents  for  light,  and  fifteen  cents  for  bedding,  sheets, 
pillow-slips,  towels,  and  laundering  of  the  same,  to  each 


pupil,  to  be  paid  in  advance,  at  the  time  of  entrance, 
for  the  whole  term.  These  terms  are  on  the  supposi- 
tion that  not  less  than  two  occupy  the  same  room, 
and  furnish  their  own  napkins. 

2.  For  the  other  expenses  of  living,  except  laun- 
dering, there  will  be  a charge  of  $3.25  per  week  to  each 
pupil.  This  will  be  required  monthly  in  advance. 
Thus  each  pupil  will  pay  $13  at  the  beginning  of  the 
term,  and  at  the  commencement  of  every  succeeding 
four  weeks,  for  board.  This  is  in  addition  to  the  rent, 
fuel,  bedding,  and  electric  light  provided  for  above. 

The  spring  term  contains  twenty  weeks  and  the 
fall  term  nineteen  weeks.  In  accordance  with  the  terms 
above  stated,  the  cost  of  living  will  be,  for  a term  of 
twenty  weeks,  and  where  the  rent  is  sixty-five  cents 
per  week,  $89.00;  eighty  cents  per  week,  $92.00.  This 
makes  the  highest  cost  to  the  pupil,  when  the  most 
desirable  rooms  are  rented,  $4.60  per  week,  and  the 
lowest  cost,  $4.45  per  week. 

To  the  regular  boarders  of  the  house  there  will 
be  a charge  of  thirty  cents  per  dozen  for  washing.  All 
articles  laundered  must  be  distinctly  marked  with  the 
name  of  the  owner.  Each  regular  boarder  will  be  en- 


THE  WELLAND 


titled  to  the  use  of  the  laundry  one-half  day  each  week, 
without  charge,  by  furnishing  her  own  soap. 

No  deduction  will  be  made  for  board  in  case  of 
absence  less  than  two  consecutive  weeks,  either  at  the 
beginning  or  at  any  time  before  the  close  of  the  term, 
as  a large  part  of  the  expenses  must  be  kept  up  the 
same  as  during  other  portions  of  the  term.  For  two 
or  more  consecutive  weeks’  absence  in  any  one  term, 
not  included  in  vacations,  board  only  will  be  refunded, 

On  arriving  at  Oswego,  students  are  requested  to 
give  their  checks  to  the  steward  of  The  Welland,  or 
in  case  he  is  not  at  the  station,  retain  their  checks  and 
report  themselves  at  the  Welland,  on  the  corner  of 
West  Second  and  Cayuga  streets. 

Students  will  be  met  at  the  train  by  the  steward 
of  the  Welland  provide!  they  give  notice  of  time  of 
arrival  and  name  the  railroad  on  which  they  arrive. 

Address  all  communications  in  relation  to  securing 
room  and  board  at  The  Welland,  etc.,  to  Allen  W. 
Poucher,  Sec’y,  Oswego,  N.  Y. 

The  Dr.  Mary  V.  Lee  Fund 

Dr.  Mary  V.  Lee,  for  eighteen  years  a promi- 
nent teacher  in  our  school,  at  her  death  bequeathed 


a portion  of  her  estate  as  a fund  to  be  loaned  to  worthy 
and  needy  pupils  to  aid  them  in  securing  an  education. 
In  addition  to  this  the  alumni  of  the  school  raised  a 
small  fund  for  the  same  purpose,  as  an  expression  of 
their  love  and  esteem  for  Dr.  Lee.  These  funds  are 
in  the  hands  of  a legally  constituted  incorporated 
board,  consisting  of  the  president  of  the  local  board 
of  the  normal  school,  the  principal  of  the  Normal 
school,  and  a third  member  to  be  elected  biennially 
by  the  alumni  of  the  school.  (At  present  Miss  C.  L. 
G.  Scales  is  the  third  member  of  this  board.)  Appli- 
cations for  loans  may  be  made  to  any  member  of 
the  board. 

Terms  and  Vacations 

The  year,  consisting  of  thirty-nine  weeks  is  divid- 
ed into  two  terms,  the  first  commencing  the  second 
Wednesday  in  September  and  continuing  nineteen 
weeks,  the  second  commencing  twenty  weeks  from 
the  second  Wednesday  in  September  and  continuing 
the  twenty  weeks. 

All  pupils  should  be  present  promptly  at  the  open- 
ing of  the  term. 

Students  will  be  graduated  at  the  end  of  each  term, 
but  commencement  exercises  will  be  held  only  in  June. 


The  Sister  of  Sir  Percival  —from  ‘The  Quest  of  the  Grail" — Literary  Exercises 


Library,  Apparatus  and  Laboratories 

Aside  from  a library  of  text-books,  there  is  a 
reference  library  of  approximately  21,000  volumes, 
costing  more  than  $20,000.  Students  also  have 
access  to  the  city  library. 

The  school  is  well  provided  with  apparatus  and 
laboratories  for  the  objective  study  of  physics,  botany, 
zoology,  geography  and  domestic  science. 

Attention  to  Health 

Careful  attention  is  given  to  the  health  of  the 
pupils,  in  its  relation  to  diet,  sleep,  hours  of  work,  dress 
and  exercise. 

The  teacher  who  has  general  charge  of  the 
physical  culture  in  the  school  has  made  a special 
study  of  hygienic  laws.  The  general  care  for  the 
health  of  the  pupils  is  assigned  to  her. 

Alumni  Association 

The  alumni  of  the  school  have  formed  an  associa- 
tion for  the  purpose  of  renewing  old  friendships,  pro- 
moting the  professional  interests  of  its  members,  and 
guarding  jealously  the  welfare  of  the  school.  The  or- 
ganization is  a strong  one,  and  the  biennial  meetings 


of  the  association  are  enthusiastically  and  well  attend- 
ed. The  N.  Y.  branch  holds  a banquet  annually. 

An  organization  known  as  The  Oswego  Normal 
Boys  meets  annually  for  a banquet  in  New  York,  an 
evidence  of  an  abiding  i iterest  in  their  Alma  Mater. 
A booklet  giving  names,  and  addresses,  and  occupa- 
tions is  provided  each  year. 

Entertainment 

The  school  together  with  patrons  from  the  city, 
has  maintained  tie  following  course  of  entertain- 
ments during  1914-1915: 

Ben  Greet  Players 
Marcus  A.  Kellerman  & Co. 

Leland  T.  Powers 
Dr.  Edward  A.  Steiner 
David  Bispham 
Edward  Avis 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harold  Butler 
Eugene  P.  Andrews 

Memorials 

The  new  building  is  the  recipient  of  four  bronze 
tablets  made  by  Gorham'  & Co.,  showing  the  bas- 
reliefs  of  the  following  persons: 


NORMAL  ORCHESTRA 


GLEE  CLUB 


Song-men  all  and  very  good  Winter's  Tale 


MARY  VICTORIA  LEE,  M.  D. 

1837-1892 

ERECTED  BY  HER  STUDENTS  IN  LOVING  REMEM- 
BRANCE OF  MARY  VICTORIA  LEE,  M.  D.  FOR  EIGHTEEN 
YEARS  TEACHER  IN  THE  OSWEGO  STATE  NORMAL  AND 
TRAINING  SCHOOL.  “I  HAVE  WORKED  NOT  SO  MUCH 
TO  IMPART  INFORMATION  AS  TO  INFLUENCE  LIFE.” 


HERMAN  KRUSI 

1817  SWITZERLAND- 1 903  CALIFORNIA 

IN  MEMORY  OF  HERMAN  KRUSI.  HIS  FATHER 
TAUGHT  WITH  PESTALOZZI,  KRUSI'S  GODFATHER, 
AT  YVERDON,  SWITZERLAND. 

PROFESSOR  IN  OSWEGO  STATE  NORMAL  AND 
TRAINING  SCHOOL  FOR  TWENTY  FIVE  YEARS.  THE 
MOST  LOVABLE  OF  MEN.  SCHOLAR,  PHILOSOPHER, 
AND  FRIEND.  ERECTED  BY  HIS  STUDENTS  IN  LOVING 
REMEMBRANCE 


MATILDA  SARAH  COOPER  POUCHER 

1839-1900 

ERECTED  BY  HER  STUDENTS  IN  LOVING  MEMORY 
OF  MATILDA  SARAH  COOPER  POUCHER,  FOR  TWENTY 
FIVE  YEARS  TEACHER  IN  THE  OSWEGO  STATE  NOR- 
MAL  AND  TRAINING  SCHOOL. 

STRONG,  WISE.  UNASSUMING,  SHE  MOLDED  FOR 
GOOD  THE  LIVES  AND  CHARACTERS  OF  THE  THOU- 
SANDS  OF  THOSE  WITH  WHOM  SHE  CAME  IN  CONTACT. 


ISAAC  B,  POUCHER,  A.  M.,  Pd.  D. 

A LOVING  TRIBUTE  TO  ISAAC  B.  POUCHER,  A. 
M„  Pd.  D.  HE  GAVE  MORE  THAN  FIFTY  YEARS  OF 
SERVICE  TO  THIS  SCHOOL,  FIRST  AS  A TEACHER, 
THEN  AS  ITS  SECOND  PRINCIPAL.  A MAN  AMONG 
MEN;  STRONG  IN  HIS  CONCEPTIONS  OF  JUSTICE. 
AND  RIGHT:  ACCURATE  AND  DEFINITE  AS  THE 
LAWS  OF  MATHEMATICS  OF  WHICH  HE  WAS  A 
REMARKABLE  TEACHER,  KIND  IN  ALL  RELATIONS 
AND  REVERENTIAL  TOWARD  THE  GREAT  TEACHER 
WHOM  HE  SERVED.  ERECTED  BY  HIS  CHILDREN, 
INSCRIPTION  BY  HIS  COLLEAGUES. 


SNOWSHOE  CLUB 


^Uhe  morning  when  at  sunrise  the  whole  landscape  is  in  frosted  silver 


Governm  ant 

The  idea  of  self-government  is  inculcated.  The 
largest  liberty  is  allowed,  and  the  pupils  are  held 
responsible  for  the  use  they  make  of  it.  The  spirit  of 
the  school  is  good.  Most  pupils  are  desirous  to  do 
what  is  right.  Little  disposition  is  manifested  to  take 
advantage  of  the  absence  of  teachers.  Every  pupil  is 
a law  unto  himself — at  least  this  is  the  rule;  tne  ex- 
ceptions are  rare. 

Amount  of  Work  Demanded 

The  courses  of  study  are  laid  out  with  reference 
to  the  capabilities  of  those  who  are  the  strongest,  men- 
tally aai  paysically.  T.ie  classtfiaation  being  a loose 
one,  adapts  itself  to  all  degrees  of  ability.  One  pupil  is 
capable  of  taking  more  and  another  less.  The  teachers 
endeavor  to  keep  a careful  oversight  of  the  pupils,  to 
see  that  they  do  not  undertake  too  much  work.  No 
pupil  is  required  to  take  any  given  number  of  subjects 
during  a term.  The  work  is  so  arranged  as  to  be  eas- 
ily adjusted  to  the  varying  capabilities  of  the  students. 
If  any  pupil  overworks  it  is  palpably  his  own  fault, 
and  he  does  it  in  the  face  of  the  earnest  protestations 
of  his  teachers. 


Athletics 

Athletics  are  encouraged  as  a means  of  recreation, 
for  physical  development  and  health,  and  for  in- 
struction in  gymnastics  and  games. 

Most  of  the  students  belong  to  the  Athletic  Associ- 
ation, and  are  divided  into  groups  for  basket-ball, 
footoall,  baseball,  tennis,  walking,  snow-shoeing,  folk- 
dances,  general  gymnastics  and  the  learning  of  games 
and  plays.  Each  student  is  encouraged  to  attend  reg- 
ularly the  exercises  in  at  least  two  forms  of  athletics. 

The  physical  exercise  thus  obtained  in  fresh  air, 
in  such  delightful  surroundings,  is  an  important 
desideratum.  One  of  the  principal  educative  functions 
of  such  exercise,  if  not  indeed  its  chief  end,  is  its 
inculcation  of  the  love  for  the  beautiful,  the  cultivation 
of  the  aesthetic  side  of  student  life. 

The  site  of  the  new  buildings  contains  twenty- 
seven  acres,  an  athletic  field  for  baseball,  football, 
tennis  and  other  out-of-door  games.  The  grounds 
themselves  are  being  developed  under  the  direction 
of  Mr.  Samuel  Parsons,  Landscape  Architect  of  New 
York  City. 


ATHENEAN  LITERARY  SOCIETY 


‘Vitae  sine  literis  mors  est 


ADELPH1  LITERARY  SOCIETY 

The  literary  societies  give  large  opportunity  for  the  development  of  executive  ability  as  well  as  self  expression  in  matters  literary,  dramatic,  and  oration 


WHERE  THE  STUDENTS  PRINT  THE  VOCATIONIST 


TREBLE  CLEF  CLUB.  1914-15 

The  Normal  Orchestra  is  a very  popular  musical  organization  in  our  school.  The  members 


Sir  Walter  Scott’s-  “Talisman” 


PUBLIC  LITERARY  EXERCISES,  ADELPHI  SOCIETY.  SCENE— The  Plea  for  Sir  Kenneth 


“JUST  FROM  HOLLAND’’— Public  Literary  Exercises,  Adelphi  Society 


assist  in  the  chapel  exercises,  and  give  a special  se- 
lection at  least  once  a week,  also  on  particular  occas- 
ions. 

The  “Glee  Club”  is  made  up  of  yourg  men  of 
the  school.  This  club  is  still  in  its  infancy,  but  from 
the  interest  manifested,  it  promises  to  be  one  of  the 
best  organizations  in  the  city  of  Oswego. 

Literary  Societies 

The  rhetorical  and  literary  work  of  the  school 
is  largely  done  in  connection  with  the  Adelphi,  Athe- 
nean  and  Keystone  societies.  These  associations  elect 
their  officers,  and  the  two  foimer  lay  out  their  work 
and  conduct  their  business  in  their  own  way.  Alter- 
nately, about  once  in  two  weeks,  they  give  public  ex- 
ercises in  Normal  Hall,  before  the  school  and  such  cit- 
izens as  may  be  interested  to  come.  The  Adelphi 
and  Athenean  societies  have  private  rooms  assigned 
them  that  they  have  fitted  up  and  furnished  very 
neatly,  in  which  they  hold  all  other  than  public  meet- 
ings. 

The  Keystone  society  is  in  charge  of  members  of 
the  faculty,  who  give  direction  to  the  work  of  this 
division  of  the  school,  which  embraces  the  lower  class- 


WORK  IN  SEWING  AND  DRECSMAK!NG 


Scene  from  George  Eliot’s  “Mill  on  the  Floss” 


Public  Exercises — Athenean  Society 


es.  This  society  also  gives  an  occasional  public  exer- 
cise. 

More  or  less  writing  is  required  in  connection  with 
all  class  work.  An  earnest  effort  is  made  to  awaken 
a literary  interest  and  cultivate  ready  and  accurate  ex- 
pression. Every  teacher  is  expected  to  give  careful 
attention  to  this  in  connection  with  the  regular  work 
in  the  various  branches  pursued. 

Reading  Association 

The  officers  of  this  association  are  elected  by 
the  school,  and  take  charge  of  such  contributions  as 
are  made  annually  by  the  school  for  the  purpose  of 
sustaining  a reading  room,  select  daily  papers  and 


periodicals,  and  see  that  everything  is  kept  in  good 
condition.  The  best  publications  of  the  day  are  in 
this  way  provided  for  the  free  use  of  the  school  and 
are  placed  conveniently  in  the  library. 

The  Vocationist 

The  Vocationist  is  a school  paper  printed  by  the 
students  in  the  class  in  printing.  It  is  an  illustrated 
magazine  devoted  to  the  interests  of  the  school  and  to 
the  Industrial  Arts  Department  in  particular.  It  is 
generally  recognized  as  one  of  the  best  school  journals 
that  is  being  published.  The  alumni  of  the  school  are 
very  much  interested  in  this  project. 


Project  Work  in 

At  the  beginning  of  the  Spring  semester,  1915, 
it  was  decided  to  use  the  May  Festival  as  a center  for 
encouraging  all  possible  initiative  on  the  part  of  the 
pupils  in  the  Grammar  Grades. 

The  pupils  determined  the  character  of  the 


Grades  VII-VIII 

festival — that  it  should  represent  the  Seasonal 
change,  and  at  the  same  time  partake  of  the  nature 
of  an  old  English  May  Day.  With  these  points  in 
mind,  the  pupils  selected  their  own  May  Queen,  Lord 
of  the  May,  Attendants,  wrote  the  plays  of  “Deme- 


MANUAL  TRAINING  PROJECTS 


ter,”  “Balder,”  and  “Robin  Hood;”  tried  out  for  the 
different  characters  in  these  plays,  criticized  each 
other  in  the  rendering  of  the  lines,  designed  and 
made  most  of  their  own  costumes,  including  emblems 
for  the  shields,  helmets,  spears,  bows  and  arrows,  mak- 
ing dresses,  crowns,  robes,  and  the  Manual  Training 
boys  found  an  excellent  problem  in  constructing  the 
“Rainbow  Bridge.”  One  of  the  dances  was  interest- 
ing because  it  was  composed  by  a fifth  grade  pupil 
and  taught  by  her  to  the  others.  The  festival  devel- 
oped a fine  school  spirit,  and  brought  together 
parents,  teachers  and  pupils  in  a delightful  relation- 
ship, at  the  same  time  motivating  so  much  of  the 
school  work,  especially  the  drawing,  reading,  English, 
history,  manual  training  and  industrial  work. 

At  no  time  has  the  writer  worked  with  pupils 
more  intensely  interested,  due  without  doubt  to  the 
pupils’  initiative  in  p.anning  and  directing  the  festival. 

With  this  gratifying  result  in  mind,  at  the  be- 
ginning of  the  fall  semester,  the  work  in  manual  train- 
ing, domestic  science,  and  handwork  was  so  arranged 


that  pupils  were  given  an  opportunity  to  make  their 
own  project  selection,  after  consultation  with  parents, 
classmates,  and  supervisors. 

The  result  has  been  most  gratifying  to  all  concern- 
ed. The  scope  of  the  work  has  been  broadened,  the  in- 
terest keen  throughout,  and  the  work  accomplished 
has  been  of  a superior  type.  The  boys  have  made 
skiis,“bobs,”  sail  booms,  erector  boxes,  telephone  tables 
and  stools,  besides  the  furniture  usually  made  by  the 
seventh  and  eighth  grade  boys.  The  girls  have  been 
taught  crotcheting,  knitting,  and  tatting,  besides  the 
sewing  project  given  by  the  supervisor,  and  have  been 
successful  in  making  bread,  pie,  and  cookies,  three 
“needs”  not  attempted  before  in  these  grades. 

We  recognize  the  fact  that  this  is  just  a begin- 
ing,  but  the  pupils  and  teachers  both  see  more  clearly 
the  ability  of  the  pupils  to  take  a more  active  part  in 
the  planning  of  a course  of  study,  and  thus  render  the 
course  a more  usable  one  because  more  practical. 

Shall  we  not  consult  the  needs  of  the  pupil  rath- 
er than  always  the  wish  of  the  supervisor? 


"THE  CAROLINE”  AND  HER  BUILDERS 


The  Building  of  a Twenty -five-foot  Motor  Boat  as  a 
Seventh  and  Eighth  Grade  Project 


Oswego  has  been  from  earliest  times  an  import- 
ant lake  port.  It  is  one  of  the  most  important  ship- 
ping points  on  the  Great  Lakes.  Generations  of  sailors 
have  made  this  city  their  homes.  Shipbuilding  was 
at  one  time  an  important  industry  here,  so  when  it  was 
suggested  that  a boat  was  to  be  built  in  order  to  mo- 


tivate certain  phases  of  the  work  in  manual  training, 
there  was  at  once  interest  in  the  project.  One  of  the 
students  who  had  been  a boat  builder  for  years  was  as- 
signed this  project  as  his  “master  piece.”  This  student 
teacher  with  seventh  and  eighth  grade  pupils  in  the 
Training  School  designed  and  constructed  this  boat 


which  later  was 
christened  “The 
Caroline.”  Ful- 
ly six  months 
were  spent  in 
discussing  the 
proposition, 
building  a small 
model,  drawing 
plans,  planning 
materials  and 
getting  ready 
for  the  real 
work.  Finally, 
in  the  fall  of 
1914,  work  was 
actually  begun 
and  the  boat  fin- 
ished in  June, 

Putting  in  the  moulds  1915. 

Interest  in  the 

work  was  intense  throughout  the  year.  The  boys 
worked  after  hours  and  on  Saturdays  in  gangs  of 
eight  or  ten.  The  laying  of  the  keel,  the  bending  of 


the  ribs,  the 
planking  of  the 
boat,  the  build- 
ing of  the  decks, 
floors,  and  seats, 
and  the  caulk- 
ing, painting, 
and  installing  of 
the  engine  were 
all  very  import- 
ant steps  in  its 
construction. 

The  boat  is 
equipped  with  a 
12  horse  power, 
three  cylinder 
gasoline  engine 
and  accommo- 
dates twenty 

passengers.  She  Planking  the  boat 

is  manned  by  a 

trained  crew  and  is  equipped  with  modern  safety 
appliances.  She  is  used  by  students  and  teachers  on 
outing  trips  for  study  and  health,  and  is  available  for 


On  her  bilge  leaving  the  basement  where  she  was  constructed 


open-air  classes,  Boy  Scouts,  and  Camp  Fire  Girls. 

The  New  York  State  Barge  Canal  with  its  new 
concrete  locks  which  are  operated  by  electrical 
machinery  and  lighted  by  electricity,  the  beautiful 
Oswego  river  and  the  inland  lakes  of  Central  New 
York,  as  well  as  Ontario’s  waters,  furnish  a varied 
experience  for  boating,  recreation,  and  study.  “The 
Caroline”  has  a permit  from  the  State  Superintendent 
of  Public  Works  to  navigate  the  canals  and  inland 
waterways  of  New  York  State. 


This  boat  is  only  one  of  many  projects  which 
have  been  successfully  worked  out  by  the  students’ 
own  hands,  showing  how  the  work  of  the  school  can 
be  motivated  and  correlated  with  the  real  life  of  the 
community. 

This  project  work  is  valuable  not  only  to  the 
pupils,  but  also  to  the  teachers  who  are  in  training. 
It  helps  these  teachers  to  realize  more  fully  the  de- 
mands of  the  pupils,  as  well  as,  the  demands  of  modem 
industry. 


In  her  cradle  ready  for  the  installation  of  the  engine 


The  ideal 
teacher  in  this 
new  line  of  in- 
dustrial work  is 
one  who  has  had 
sound  academic, 
shop,  and  profes- 
sional training, 
one  who  has 
teaching  power, 
disciplinary  abil- 
ity, and  a knowl- 
edge of  the  ado- 
lescent period  of 
developm  ent, 
one  who  can  win 
the  confidence 
and  respect  of 

On  her  maiden  cruise.  In  the  siphon  lock  pupils,  and  One 

who  is  popular 

with  parents,  associates,  and  pupils.  Other  necessary 
qualifications  are  a pleasing  personality,  tactfulness, 
good  judgment,  and  a character  tnat  cannot  be 
questioned.  He  must  be  a skilied^workman. 


Above  the  siphon  lock 


At  the  bottom  of  the  siphon  lcck 


WOOD  SHOP 


WEAVING  AND  BASKET  WORK 


THE  SPIRIT  OF  THE  FUTURE  (From  the  Pageant) 


